RELIGIOUS IDENTITY CONFORMITY IN RADICAL ENVIRONMENTS: A REVIEW OF THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION

Abstract

Religious-based radicalism is a multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be understood solely through ideological or political perspectives; it also requires an in-depth analysis of individual and group psychological dynamics. One of the key psychological mechanisms involved in the internalization of radical ideology is conformity, defined as an individual’s tendency to adjust beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors to align with group norms. This article aims to revise and expand the discussion on religious identity conformity within radical environments from the perspective of the psychology of religion. Using a qualitative library research method, this study reviews literature from psychology of religion, social psychology, sociology of religion, and contemporary radicalism studies. The findings indicate that religious identity conformity is driven by the need for existential certainty, psychological security, social acceptance, and strong normative group pressures legitimized by religious discourse. From the psychology of religion perspective, radicalism reflects a narrowing of religious meaning that neglects reflective, empathetic, and humanistic dimensions of religion. This article is expected to contribute theoretically to psychology of religion studies and to provide a conceptual foundation for preventive strategies against religious radicalism through the development of moderate, reflective, and inclusive religious identities.