PEDAGOGI AKHLAK TRANSFORMATIF BERBASIS MUHASABAH: REORIENTASI KONSEP AL-ITSMU DALAM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM KONTEMPORER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70281/pj38jz55Kata Kunci:
Al-Itsmu, Tafsir Tematik, Pendidikan Agama Islam, Pedagogi Transformatif, Muhasabah, Kurikulum AkhlakAbstrak
Pembelajaran teologi mengenai konsep dosa dalam kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) kontemporer cenderung reduksionis dan terjebak pada dogma eskatologis-ritual yang kering. Akibatnya, terjadi pembelahan moral (moral splitted) di kalangan pelajar yang saleh secara ritual namun permisif terhadap transgresi moral publik di era digital, seperti perundungan siber (cyberbullying), kecurangan akademik, dan penyebaran hoaks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekonstruksi konsep al-itsmu dalam Al-Qur'an dan merumuskan implikasi pedagogisnya bagi konseptualisasi kurikulum akhlak dalam PAI modern. Menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan Tafsir Maudhu'i (Tematik) model Muhammad Baqir al-Shadr, penelitian ini melacak korpus ayat melalui kitab al-Mu'jam al-Mufahras li Alfadzil Qur'anil Karim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kata al-itsmu beserta derivasinya disebutkan sebanyak 48 kali dalam Al-Qur'an dan terklasifikasi ke dalam empat klaster sosioreligius: komodifikasi harta, konsumsi destruktif, manipulasi hukum/persaksian, serta dekadensi mental-sosial. Secara teologis, al-itsmu merupakan transgresi moral yang dilakukan secara sadar, sengaja, dan digerakkan oleh kesombongan egoistik (al-'izzatu bil itsmi) yang berdampak destruktif secara sistemik. Sebagai solusi, studi ini menawarkan orientasi baru melalui formulasi "Pedagogi Transformatif berbasis Muhasabah" (Pendidikan Penyadaran dan Reorientasi Moral). Implikasi instruksionalnya bertumpu pada tiga strategi utama: redefinisi dosa berbasis dampak sosiologis-humanistik (habl min an-nas), kontekstualisasi asbabun nuzul melalui pembelajaran berbasis kasus (case-based learning) dalam literasi digital Islam, serta penerapan dialog reflektif untuk melatih kemampuan regulasi diri (self-regulation) peserta didik demi mewujudkan integrasi kesalehan individual dan sosial secara berimbang di ruang publik.
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